Abstract

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About 900,000 Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMN)/Rohingya refugees live in the refugee camps of Cox’s Bazar, experiencing recurring vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks despite established vaccination programs.This scoping review focused on the evidence for individual and context barriers, drivers, and interventions for childhood vaccination uptake of FDMN/Rohingya refugees in Cox’s Bazar. Four databases and grey literature were systematically searched. Theoretical frameworks were used to organize findings. 3,654 records were screened, and 18 articles included. Literature was heterogenous. Barriers and drivers for FDMN/ Rohingya refugees receiving vaccination focused on motivation relating to trust, beliefs and fears (16 factors in nine articles), access to vaccination and information availability (13 factors in nine articles), as well as knowledge (five factors in seven articles), social support and gender-related norms (five factors in seven articles). For health service providers facilitating vaccinations, context factors, such as availability of vaccines and staff, were most frequently identified (13 factors in 12 articles). Interventions mostly related to vaccination campaigns and information/education. They were poorly described and lacked formal evaluations.Future research and interventions on childhood vaccination should consider gender-related social norms and the diversity of the camp population, explore the role of community/religious leaders and improve intervention reporting and evaluation.